The Great Battle of Badr - When Angels Descended

Were Muslims responsible for Battle at Badr?

No. Makkans sent a caravan under Abu Sufyan to Syria and decided to purchase arms from its profits, to use against Muslims. The caravan had lots of properties of the Muslims who left their houses before their migration to Madinah. 

Sayyiduna Rasoolullah ﷺ sent out a battalion from Madinah which couldn't intervene it. After few days in Ramadan Rasoolullah ﷺ set out of Madinah towards south. While returning from Syria, Abu Sufyan sent a messenger to Makkah for help. Makkans prepared its army of 1000 men and started marching northward in the direction of Madinah. 

Meanwhile Abu Sufyan took a different path, bypassed Madinah & sent another messenger to Makkah stating he's safe. But Makkan army had already set out. They wanted to wipe out Muslims once and for all. Both the infantries finally faced each other at Badr on 17th of Ramadan; the place is about 150 kms from Madinah, and over 300 kms from Makkah (per current routes). The battle was won by 313 Muslims lead by Sayyiduna Rasoolullah; ﷺ 14 sahaba were martyred. 

Battle at Badr, just like other wars, were purely defensive combats from the Muslims' perspective. 

_Reference: Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Hisham_

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